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The transcription factor polyomavirus enhancer binding protein 2 (PEBP2), also designated Osf2 (osteoblast-specific transcription factor), CBFA1 (core binding factor) and AML3 (acute myeloid leukemia), is composed of two subunits, 伪 and 尾, which are essential for the regulation of hematopoiesis and osteogenesis. The PEBP2伪 subunits, PEBP2伪A, PEBP2伪B and PEBP2伪C, are encoded by three RUNX genes, all of which contain a 128-amino acid region homologous to the highly conserved Drosophila segmentation gene, Runt. This region is involved in DNA binding and heterodimerization with the regulatory 尾 subunit, which facilitates DNA binding of the 伪 subunit. Both subunits are required for in vivo function; the disruption of either gene results in a lack of definitive hematopoiesis followed by embryo death in utero due to hemorrhage in the central nervous system. The gene encoding PEBP2尾 is the target of chromosomal inversion 16 (p13;q22) with the smooth muscle Myosin heavy chain, producing a chimeric gene, PEBP2尾/CBFB-SMMHC, that is associated with human acute myeloid leukemia.
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