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Cytokeratin 19 (CK19), encoded by the KRT19 gene located on chromosome 17q21.2, is a type I intermediate filament protein. It consists of 400 amino acids and has a molecular weight of approximately 44 kDa. CK19 undergoes various post-translational modifications, including phosphorylation, glycosylation, and the formation of disulfide bonds, which can modulate its stability, localization, and function within cells. CK19 is primarily an intracellular protein, serving as a structural component of the cytoskeleton.
It is expressed in a wide range of tissues and organs, including the liver, gastrointestinal tract, mammary glands, and bile ducts. Additionally, CK19 is involved in various cellular processes, including cell migration, signaling, and apoptosis regulation. Various factors, including developmental signals, hormonal influences, and tissue-specific transcription factors, regulate the expression of CK19 to ensure proper tissue homeostasis and function. Dysregulation of CK19 expression or mutations in the KRT19 gene have been associated with various health conditions and diseases. For example, mutations in CK19 have been linked to liver diseases, such as primary biliary cholangitis (PBC) and liver cirrhosis. CK19 expression has also been utilized as a marker of specific cell types (e.g., pancreatic stem cells ) or disease states in diagnostic pathology.
Previous studies have shown that CK19 expression in tissue samples can provide valuable diagnostic and prognostic information in assessing various cancers, particularly in malignancies affecting epithelial tissues. For example, In breast cancer, CK19 expression is frequently assessed to subtype tumors and distinguish between different histological types. Its presence or absence can help pathologists classify tumors into different molecular subtypes, affecting treatment decisions and patient prognosis. Similarly, in pancreatic cancer, CK19 expression has been found to be associated with tumor aggressiveness and poorer patient outcomes. Detection of CK19-positive tumor cells in pancreatic tissue samples can aid in diagnosing pancreatic adenocarcinoma, one of the most common and lethal forms of pancreatic cancer. Furthermore, in cholangiocarcinoma (bile duct cancer), CK19 expression is often used as a diagnostic marker to differentiate between malignant and benign biliary lesions.
NeoBiotechnologies offers a variety of antibodies against KRT19 that have been validated for flow cytometry, immunofluorescence, immunohistochemistry, and Western blotting. Additionally, we hold exclusive rights to KRT19 antibodies available for licensing or collaboration [https://www.neobiotechnologies.com/shop/?s=KRT19].
Keratin, type I cytoskeletal 19, Cytokeratin-19, Keratin-19, k19; k1cs; Keratin 19 Keratin Type i 40kD; KRT19
Cardiovascular, Developmental Biology, Stem Cell Differentiation
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