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CD43, also known as leukosialin or sialophorin, is a cell surface glycoprotein encoded by the SPN gene on chromosome 16q24.2. It consists of approximately 400 amino acids with a molecular weight of about 115 kDa. CD43 undergoes post-translational modifications, including extensive glycosylation, phosphorylation, and disulfide bond formation. This protein primarily functions as a membrane protein, predominantly found on the surface of leukocytes, particularly T cells, B cells, monocytes, and granulocytes, contributing to various aspects of immune cell physiology. It also plays crucial roles in cell–cell interactions, migration, and activation, mediating immune responses. CD43 is involved in T cell activation and adhesion to endothelial cells and extracellular matrix components, contributing to the regulation of immune cell trafficking. Moreover, CD43 participates in signal transduction pathways, modulating cellular responses to various stimuli.
Several factors, including cytokines, growth factors, and cellular activation signals, regulate the expression of CD43. Its expression pattern varies across different immune cell subsets and is dynamically regulated during immune responses. CD43 expression is typically upregulated upon cellular activation, serving as a marker of immune cell activation and effector functions. Aberrant expression or mutations in CD43 have been associated with certain pathological conditions, including autoimmune diseases, inflammatory disorders, and malignancies. Dysregulated CD43 expression has been implicated in the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis and multiple sclerosis, as well as in the progression of certain cancers, including leukemia and lymphoma.
For example, the expression of CD43 is dysregulated in various hematological malignancies and solid tumors, where it can provide valuable diagnostic and prognostic information, with aberrant CD43 expression associated with disease progression, metastasis, and patient outcomes. High levels of CD43 expression have been observed in certain subtypes of leukemia, lymphoma, and myeloma, where it is often used as a diagnostic marker to aid in disease classification and subtyping. Moreover, CD43 expression levels have been correlated with disease stage, aggressiveness, and response to therapy in several cancer types, serving as a prognostic indicator for patient outcomes.
In addition to cancer, CD43 expression has been implicated in various inflammatory and autoimmune diseases, where it can serve as a marker of immune cell activation and tissue inflammation. Monitoring CD43 expression levels in these conditions may provide insights into disease activity, severity, and response to treatment, although its diagnostic and prognostic utility in non-cancerous diseases may vary depending on the specific context.
NeoBiotechnologies offers a variety of antibodies against CD43 that have been validated for flow cytometry, immunofluorescence, immunohistochemistry, and Western blotting. Additionally, we hold exclusive rights to CD43 antibodies available for licensing or collaboration [https://www.neobiotechnologies.com/shop/?s=CD43].
Leukosialin | CD43 cytoplasmic tail, GPL115, Galactoglycoprotein, Leukocyte sialoglycoprotein, Sialophorin, Galactoglycoprotein, GALGP, GPL115, Leukocyte sialoglycoprotein, Leukosialin, LSN, Sialophorin, SPN
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