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Formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded human ovarian cancer stained with AMBP Mouse Monoclonal Antibody (AMBP/4533). Inset: PBS instead of primary antibody; secondary only negative control.
SDS-PAGE Analysis of Purified AMBP Mouse Monoclonal Antibody (AMBP/4533) Confirmation of Purity and Integrity of Antibody.
Analysis of Protein Array containing more than 19,000 full-length human proteins using AMBP Mouse Monoclonal Antibody (AMBP/4533). Z- and S- Score: The Z-score represents the strength of a signal that a monoclonal antibody (MAb) (in combination with a fluorescently-tagged anti-IgG secondary antibody) produces when binding to a particular protein on the HuProtTM array. Z-scores are described in units of standard deviations (SD's) above the mean value of all signals generated on that array. If targets on HuProtTM are arranged in descending order of the Z-score, the S-score is the difference (also in units of SD's) between the Z-score. S-score therefore represents the relative target specificity of a MAb to its intended target. A MAb is considered to be specific to its intended target, if the MAb has an S-score of at least 2.5. For example, if a MAb binds to protein X with a Z-score of 43 and to protein Y with a Z-score of 14, then the S-score for the binding of that MAb to protein X is equal to 29.
The AMBP (α-1-Microglobulin/Bikunin precursor) gene encodes a protein precursor, known as AMBP, that is cleaved to produce two distinct proteins, designated α-1-Microglobulin and Bikunin. α-1-Microglobulin, also known as protein HC, is a member of the lipocalin superfamily and is secreted mainly in plasma, urine and cerebrospinal fluid. Thought to have reductase/dehydrogenase activity, α-1-Microglobulin exhibits immunosuppressive properties, such as cytokine secretion and inhibition of antigen-induced lymphocyte cell proliferation, and may be involved in the reduction of biological pro-oxidants. The second protein cleavage product, designated Bikunin and also known as inter-α-trypsin inhibitor light chain, ITI-LC or urinary trypsin inhibitor, is a widely expressed protein that is stored in the granules of human connective tissue mast cells. One of many proteins in the Kunitz-type protease inhibitor family, Bikunin prevents autodigestion by exocrine enzymes, such as trypsinogen and chymo-trypsinogen, and plays a role in the antiinflammatory/antiproteinase immune response. Unlike α-1-Microglobulin, Bikunin is implicated in the pathogenesis of a number of renal diseases, such as urolithiasis.
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