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Myosin heavy chains are ubiquitous Actin-based motor proteins that convert the chemical energy derived from ATP hydrolysis into the mechanical energy that drives diverse motile processes in eukaryotic cells, including cytokinesis, vesicular transport and cellular locomotion. Muscle myosin is a heterohexamer consisting of two myosin heavy chains and two associated nonidentical pairs of myosin light chains. The seven myosin heavy chain isoforms that predominate in mammalian skeletal muscles include two developmental isoforms, MHC-embryonic (MYH3) and MHC-perinatal (MYH8); three adult skeletal muscle isoforms, MHC IIa (MYH2), MHC IIb (MYH4) and MHC IIx/d (MYH1); and MHC-β/slow (MYH7 or MHC-β), which is also expressed in cardiac muscle. Research indicates that mutations of the MYH7 gene causes hypertrophic cardiomyopathy.
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